Accommodationist and Proud of It, Part I

March 13, 2010
Category: Guest Features

Accommodationist and Proud of It, Part I

"Science and the Sacred" is pleased to feature essays from various guest voices in the science-and-religion dialogue. Today's entry was written by Michael Ruse. Michael Ruse is an author and philosopher of biology well known for his works on the creationism and evolution debate. Though not a believer in God, he takes the position that Christianity and evolution are not incompatible. Ruse's latest book, Science and Spirituality: Making Room for Faith in the Age of Science, published by Cambridge University Press, argues against the extremes of both creationism and "new atheism".

Intro: In the first of a new series that will focus on his involvement in the science-and-faith controversy, Michael Ruse introduces himself as “accommodationist, and proud of it”. Over the next few weeks, Ruse’s posts will give a personal account of his experiences as an author and public speaker on the compatibility of Christianity and biological evolution. Each post has been excerpted from a larger autobiographical work by Ruse, which will later be posted among our Scholarly Articles. After reading each post, we encourage you to respond to the questions above the comment section.

I have been called many things in my time, but I truly believe that “clueless gobshite” is a first. In a way, I am almost proud of this. After all, if you are in your seventieth year and someone feels so strongly about your ideas that they refer to you in this way, then you must be doing something right. Or if not exactly right, you must have ideas that others want to challenge so strongly that they pull out this kind of language. Can you imagine going through life and absolutely nobody ever cared about what you thought or did? You could take your clothes off in Harvard Square, make your privates anything but, and people would not even bother to cross over to the other side? But clueless gobshite, now that is different. Someone is seriously cheesed off.

The writer is one of the more incandescent folk on (what for want of a better term I shall call) the intellectual scene at the moment. He is P. Z. Myers, a professor of biology at the University of Minnesota Morris, who runs one of today’s most successful blogs, Pharyngula. He combines really interesting snippets of information about the biological world with rages against any and all religions, religious people, sympathizers, and so on and so forth. He must have a large readership, because the comment list is always lengthy and, if you glance through it, it is clear that he is resonating with some group out there. I should say that he is not alone in doing what he does. For instance, the University of Chicago biologist Jerry Coyne runs a similar blog, Why Evolution is True. He too combines bits and pieces of information about the world of biology with equally hostile pieces about religion, especially but by no means exclusively Christianity. He too is no fan of Michael Ruse when I am writing on the science-religion relationship, and periodically swipes away at me. I “gibber on” and my ideas are “quickly approaching their sell-by date” (November 2, 2009).

And then of course there is the grandfather of them all, Richard Dawkins. He too is an ardent evolutionist, author of the truly great The Selfish Gene. He too is an ardent atheist, author of the smash-hit best seller The God Delusion. I particularly am picked out and the reader is somewhat condescendingly told that Dawkins does not think I am “necessarily dishonest,” but my actions (my writings especially) have much the same effect. I am identified as one of the leaders in the “Neville Chamberlain School of Evolutionists,” so named after the pusillanimous appeaser at Munich, and we are told that perhaps “there should be a First Rule of Science Journalism: ‘Interview at least one person other than Michael Ruse.’”

Why are these people so upset? A priori, you would think that we would be natural allies. Like them, I am an ardent evolutionist and near-fanatical Darwinian. I really think the theory of evolution through natural selection is one of the all-time great achievements in science and that it explains the living world, now and in the past. I have written book after book on the topic expressing my admiration for Charles Darwin and the present-day version of his theory. Like them, I am a total non-believer. If you were to ask me straight out, I would probably say I am an agnostic or a skeptic. I personally prefer the second term, because too often “agnostic” means “I don’t care a bit about the topic,” and that is not me. I care and I don’t believe. Truly though, when it comes to Christianity, I think “atheist” is probably a better term. Loving God, Jesus as His son, resurrection and the promise of eternal salvation – not for me, I am afraid.

And yet, I am excoriated at every turn. Why? Simply, because I am an “Accommodationist.” I think that some kind of intellectual meeting is possible with religious believers, including Christian religious believers. As it happens, I believe that in America it is tremendously important politically to bring evolutionists together with people of religious commitment, but I absolutely and completely would not argue for a position that I thought wrong because it was politically expedient to do so. I would not say that emotion plays no role in my position. It does indeed. That helps me to take a stand that I think right against folk with whom I would much rather be a friend than a scorned enemy. But I think one can make a sound case for the position I have taken and still accept strongly today. In this essay, I try to explain what I believe and why I believe it. Why I am an “Accommodationist,” whatever that might mean, and proud of it.

Please understand: this piece I am writing now is not so much a response as a reaction. What I mean by this is that I don’t want to whine about being mistreated or misunderstood or whatever. As I have already intimated, in a way to respond in such a way would be almost hypocritical, because I rather like the fact that I stir people up so much that they want to strike out as they do. But I think there is some value in trying to see where I have come from, what I believe at the moment, and why I have fallen out (or raised the ire of, because frankly it was not I who started the quarrel) of people who in most respects you would think would be my natural allies. I am going to write this in a rather personal way because above all it is rather personal. I think, however, even those of you who think writers should never reveal anything of themselves will be able to strain through the personal and see the arguments underneath.

Ruse's series continues here.

Question for Discussion: In this entry, Ruse gives several examples of harsh words from those “who would be natural allies”. In a similar way, Christians with opposing views on creation often engage with each other in an unloving manner. What steps can BioLogos take to foster a more productive conversation, and avoid the mud-slinging tactics that are so common in this conversation today?

Filed Under:
science, religion, accomodationism, atheism, agnosticism, new atheists, evolution, creation, intelligent design, creationism, belief, Michael Ruse, Richard Dawkins

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  1. Mike Gene - #6760

    March 13th 2010

    “What steps can BioLogos take to foster a more productive conversation, and avoid the mud-slinging tactics that are so common in this conversation today?”

    I think it would help if all sides kept these ten signs of intellectual honesty in mind:

    http://designmatrix.wordpress.com/2010/03/04/ten-signs-of-intellectual-honesty/

  2. Mike Gene - #6763

    March 13th 2010

    Hi Michael,

    I am very much looking forward to your series. 

    “Why are these people so upset?”

    First, don’t lose sight of the obvious.  The fact that Coyne, Myers, and Dawkins scorn you tells us, by definition, they are extremists. 

    Second, they have made it quite clear with their own words that they are activists with an anti-religious cultural agenda. 

    You are scorned because extremist activists of all stripes tend to demonize anyone who does not see things their way.  More importantly, you represent a threat to their black-and-white view of the world (where religion is the cause of evil) because they think you, along with theistic evolutionists, confer some element of respectability to religion and this directly contradicts their agenda which seeks to get more and more people to ridicule and scorn religion.

  3. Mike Gene - #6764

    March 13th 2010

    cont…


    The New Atheists hate religion and naively think the world would be a much better place without it.  But they know they can never erase religion from the world.  So the next best thing is to drive it underground; push it into the closet.  They might not be able to get everyone to do this, but if they can pull that off among the intellectuals, the inertia is set.  But that’s not going to happen if people like you and Francis Collins exist.  So you represent a more serious threat to their agenda than you might think.

  4. steve martin - #6766

    March 13th 2010

    What steps can BioLogos take to foster a more productive conversation

    One important step I think is to find appropriate conversation partners - no matter what we do, conversations with the Myers & Coyne’s of the world will never result in real dialogue just debate (I agree with Mike’s comment above) - as a side note, I’m not sure I’d write off Dawkins so fast - he seems to be able to have reasonable conversations when he wants to - eg. his exchange with McGrath a few years ago). 

    And no matter what we do, I suspect we can’t have good conversations with the Ham’s of the world - again, followers of Christ that show intellectual, scriptural, and scientific integrity are a threat to his entire worldview. 

    So, let’s find others that may disagree with us but actually want dialogue.  In particular, let’s find those who share our most important purpose - living and promoting the Kingdom of Christ.

  5. Arni Zachariassen - #6768

    March 13th 2010

    Totally agree with you, Michael (Gene)! It’s a basic (and angry) intolerance toward not only religion and accommodationism, but any person who dares to speak of religion and accommodationism in positive terms. Those of us who represent moderate views must do our best not to get sucked in. There’s a saying in the Faroe Islands, my home country, that goes, “Empty barrels make that most noise.” Let them make their noise. The moderate, balanced and friendly voices will, I believe, win in the end.

  6. Glen Davidson - #6781

    March 13th 2010

    I think that what gets lost in a lot of “anti-accommodationist” writing is the importance of having a civil society.  You don’t just blurt out anything and everything just because it is “true” in the abstract.  Don’t get me wrong, though, I don’t urge either “accommodation” or its opposite on any one person or faction, I just think that most of science should and does seek to get along with other segments of society.

    Ruse’s recent article in Chronicle of Higher Education seems to have gotten some grudging respect from his detractors.

    Glen Davidson
    http://tinyurl.com/mxaa3p

  7. Rick Frausto - #6783

    March 13th 2010

    I am keen to read on. Haven’t read too much from this camp. This may very well be where my thinking is headed. We’ll see.

  8. Diane Davis - #6793

    March 13th 2010

    During a recent seminary conference on science/faith interaction, I found myself musing about the emotional payback that comes from being “right” and patronizing or even putting down people with different, but intellectually honest (for them), opinions. Here I am referring to examples of this adversarial language from all camps -  from Creationists, ID proponents, and theist evolutionists alike. Of course, the animadversion flows freely between the New Atheists and Christians of all three positions. The evolutionary psychology that applies to this situation implies that a lot more is going on than the question of whose interpretation of creation-related passages in Scripture conforms best to the reality of the natural world, or whether it applies at all. Obviously, I do think only one position is true; but from Christians who are trying to interpret Scripture faithfully and to promote the Kingdom of God, we should see respectful conversation only. In other words, while defending our own positions, we should not allow ourselves the ego-charging collegiality of name-calling, belittling, or otherwise bashing those who differ with us.

  9. BC - #6794

    March 13th 2010

    So what can the New Atheists do to annihilate religionists and sympathisers? First, if in the USA, eliminate free speech under the constitution. In general, they could undermine democracy that is supposed to give voice to all members of society. They could work to get psychologists and the medical fraternity declare believers of religion, dangerously medically unfit and have them assigned to asylums.
    But more productively, they could become civilised (take up gardening) and drop their fundamentally literalist ways and have an engaging and meaningful lifestyle that will help produce a non-militant, civilised society that all could enjoy.

  10. Karl A - #6798

    March 14th 2010

    Mike Gene, I like the “intellectual honesty” posting.  Is that original to you or from another source?

    Besides the ego boost that Diane mentions comes from “winning” an argument, we also have just basic respect and patience toward the autonomous personhood of another individual.  We all bring different perspectives, backgrounds, assumptions, tolerance for ambiguity or dissonance, innate conservatism or novelty-seeking, etc.  When we insist others agree with us RIGHT NOW and bash them for not obeying, it betrays a lack of recognition of those values.

    Looking forward to the continuation of the series.  Way to think outside the box, BioLogos!

  11. Mike Gene - #6801

    March 14th 2010

    Hi Karl,

    Yeah, I wrote it.  Thanks.

  12. Mike Gene - #6811

    March 14th 2010

    I often hear it claimed by atheists like Coyne and Myers that science and religion are incompatible.  I take this to mean that if we embrace science, and its findings, then we are rationally obligated to abandon Christianity.  In other words, if we accept both science and Christianity, we are being accused of intellectual ‘sin.’

    Well, I think we are then within our rights to demand that the stone-throwers justify their accusation.  And no, I am not interested in the rationalizations, generalizations, and arm-chair philosophy that derive from people’s personally favorite way of defining science.

    What I would like are the peer-reviewed scientific studies that explain the hypothesis, experiment, and results that rationally obligate me to abandon Christianity.  I do this because I do not think hypotheses, experiments and results are superfluous in science.  So, as someone who values intellectual honesty, I’d like to read these studies so I can come face to face with the data that obligate me to reject Christianity. 

    If you are reading and happen to agree that science and religion are incompatible, please send me the citations.  My email should be easy to find by clicking on my name above.  Thanks.

  13. Kendalf - #6832

    March 14th 2010

    If representatives of BioLogos are truly sincere in fostering a more productive conversation, then a positive good-faith gesture would be to revise some of the descriptions used in the “Leading Figures” section of the Biologos website. Some of the descriptions simply do not provide an accurate or fair portrayal of a particular position.

    In my opinion, the most egregious example of this is in the description of Intelligent Design. Previously on this page ID proponents were labeled with the highly pejorative phrase “Science Critics,” and while it is certainly a step in the right direction to see that this inflammatory term has been dropped, the remaining description of ID unfairly makes it sound as if ID proponents are primarily about rejecting scientific explanations of things. An uninformed person who reads that ID proponents “believe that much of modern science is wrong” (emphasis added) is liable to think that these people reject things like modern physics, cosmology, heliocentrism, everything to do with evolutionary biology, and whatever else may be associated with “modern science.”

  14. Kendalf - #6833

    March 14th 2010

    (cont)
    If we truly desire to foster positive dialogue, then descriptions of opposing positions ought be such that proponents of these positions would gladly claim these depictions as their own; else, all we are doing is setting up straw men, and an honest discussion of the real issues fails to occur.

    This would be #8 in Mike Gene’s ‘Ten Signs of Intellectual Honesty.’ (http://designmatrix.wordpress.com/2010/03/04/ten-signs-of-intellectual-honesty/)

  15. Mike Gene - #6836

    March 14th 2010

  16. Mike Gene - #6837

    March 14th 2010

    “If we truly desire to foster positive dialogue, then descriptions of opposing positions ought be such that proponents of these positions would gladly claim these depictions as their own”

    That’s a great point.  Think of writing a review paper for a class, where the objective is not to criticize or debunk an article, but to accurately describe what you read.  This is a very hard thing for many people to do when reviewing a position they disagree with.  What usually happens is that they consciously, or unconsciously, embed criticisms into the description.

  17. eddy - #6861

    March 15th 2010

    The first step to start for BioLogists to start a productive conversation with fellow Christians is to show, at least implicitly, sufficient loyalty to the Christian Faith.

    You don’t have to be a YEC to be a Christian, and that is one area that I differ with a strict YEC, but dont tell me that God expects to be given an inadvertent role to play on the availability of life as we have it today - the kind of role that is given to God by the BioLogists.

    From the Christian and Scientific perspective, ID is a much better alternative to Darwinism. But why are BioLogists actively insisting on Darwinism and consistently resisting the ID?

  18. Charlie - #6863

    March 15th 2010

    Productive conversation must be between everyone from fundamentalist christians to new athiests.  Yelling and name calling never convinces someone to refine their ideas.  I think also in order to be productive, people must be willing to state that they do not know all of the answers and that others are more educated about certain topics than you are.  If we accept our own personal ignorance, we can learn and grow off of each other.  We should try to resist feeling so threatened when our personal views are challenged.

  19. Bob R. - #6868

    March 15th 2010

    Gene,
    I like your 10 points on intellectual honesty. However, to follow those standards of interchange one must, it seems to me,
      1. Embrace a degree of uncertainty about one’s own viewpoints.
      2. Be willing to admit that one could be in error about one’s views.
      3. Be willing to change one’s viewpoint on the basis of a counterpoint argument.
    There is very little probability that these things will be embraced by either extreme. Both seem anchored in their “certainty containers.” This is also why Coyne & company as well as Fundamentalist Creationists are emotionally involved in their dialog. The certainty of their position is threatened by serious interchange.

    One would think that a degree of civility could still be accomplished. However, when each side thinks the other is “stupid,”  “clueless gobshites,” or any of the other specially reserved terms for idiots, one can see why name calling becomes the order of the day. I must admit, I had to look up the definition of “gobshite.” The good thing is that I discovered that I am not one, except, perhaps, in someone else’s eyes. grin

  20. Mike Gene - #6879

    March 15th 2010

    Hi Bob R.,

    Good points.  I would expand on your point #3.

    We really should not expect someone to immediately change their viewpoint on the basis of a counterpoint argument.  For two reasons.  First, we don’t all mentally see alike because we all have different assumptions, histories, and place different emphases on different background beliefs.  Second, those caught up in the context of debate will have a hard time acknowledging “defeat” to an opponent for reasons of pride and for fear where the concession might lead. 

    What I look for is this.  You see person A and B arguing something.  Person A makes an argument and person B hits back with a counterpoint argument that you consider to be more powerful.  I would not expect person A to concede (for the reasons cited above), but I would expect him/her to acknowledge the counterpoint was good/strong.  Then, after time, I would expect person A to either come up with a more powerful counter to the counterpoint, acknowledge the counterpoint is indeed a problem for them, or gradually come to embrace the counterpoint.  If they don’t, then person A simply loses respect in my eyes (as if that mattered).

  21. Bob R. - #6944

    March 16th 2010

    Hi Gene,
    Thanks for personally addressing my points. I am sure that what you have described as a process in your response actually can and does occur among intellectually honest people. Perhaps my point 3 could be better stated as “willing to entertain the possibility of viewpoint change.”

    A true debate could probably not occur between Ken Ham & Jerry Coyne, for example, since both have shown that they are certain about their positions. I doubt whether either of them, couched in their own certainty, would admit to the possibility that they might be wrong. Therefore neither of them would be willing to entertain the possibility that their viewpoint might also be changed by a convincing argument.

    If the purpose of true debate is to arrive at truth through a thesis-antithesis process, then both Coyne & Ham would have to entertain the refinement process that you have outlined. Eventually the truth will come out either favoring Ham’s position or Coyne’s or a new thesis representing a syncretism of sorts. This is more likely to occur on a BioLogos blog because, I sense, those who engage here are more likely to embrace your 10 points and the axioms upon which they rest.

  22. Charlie - #6954

    March 16th 2010

    Mike Gene,

    You talk about one acknowledging defeat.  Don’t you think this mentality is a problem.  Why is changing one’s opinion or learning from someone else with a different background admitting defeat?  I think we should see it as personal growth and understanding, not defeat.  I think for this to happen however, people must admit they do not have the right answer to everything; no one does but it seems like everyone thinks they do.

    That being said, of course there will be disagreements.  I think people should just not disagree for the sake of avoiding “defeat”.

  23. Diane Davis - #7009

    March 16th 2010

    Wonder how it would be if all the main players in the Creation/Evolution debate could lose their egos? Wouldn’t we like to see a gathering where it was first emphasized what we all hold in common as traditional Christians, and what we believe God wants us to do in the world as his body? How does this divergence of opinion on a key, but not defining, doctrine hurt our witness as Christians? I think of Jesus’ example of total humility in the face of unjust accusation and punishment - how he didn’t try to defend his position, but simply took the consequences. I wonder how this attitude applies to our disagreements - certainly not to compromise a position held in integrity, but to be extremely gracious to those who oppose us. I personally think that the test of our faithfulness to Christ has more to do with praxis than with correct intellectual belief, which has alway been a struggle for me.

  24. Kendalf - #7023

    March 16th 2010

    Diane, you’ve expressed my thoughts exactly!

    While I don’t know about getting all the main players to take part, but just such a gathering is what I am envisioning in a project that I am currently working on. Drawing inspiration from the task that C.S. Lewis undertook in his book Mere Christianity, I hope to provide a place where we can find common ground that can be mutually affirmed and celebrated by those who may personally hold to a diversity of Creation views.

    I am encouraged by the kind of positive dialogue, humility, and intellectual honesty that I see in this thread and in others, and I am hoping to draw from such grace as I have seen displayed here and on other Creation view websites to pull together something like a “grassroots” movement of fellow Christians who are dismayed or disillusioned by the harm that has come about as a result of uncharitable disagreement. I fully believe that debate and discussion on our differences can be beneficial, but not at the expense of our witness as one Body in Christ.

  25. Diane Davis - #7070

    March 17th 2010

    Let me add that while I espouse this kind of gracious approach to Christians of differing opinions, I do strongly believe that science uncovers God’s work, though I don’t try to define how God works too narrowly. Even the current concept of consciousness as an active tool in influencing matter/energy at the quantum level should not be tied too closely to how God participates in the world - not really for fear of setting up another God-of-the-gaps scenario, as that level is believed by most physicists to be intrinsically indeterministic, but because I believe that God mainly works through human consciousness and action to accomplish God’s goals. How God may act directly in physical processes may be uncovered someday, but I am not sure that saying “God may work at this level” is ever very helpful to our cause - though providing interesting speculation.

  26. Bob R. - #7092

    March 17th 2010

    Diane,

    I agree with your general point that humility is a good container from which to conduct the business of dialog, particularly with brothers under the same banner.

    However, this in no way precludes the idea that tough words must sometimes be said. A quick re-read of Matthew 23 or John 8:31-58 illustrates this point. The reason why the people “took up stones to kill him” [Jesus] was because of his bold confrontation of their false ideas with the truth. Jesus literally sealed his own death warrant with his attacks upon the religious leaders. Interestingly, he was not above name calling. (I am not suggesting that we do likewise. It’s just an interesting fact.)

    Again, I would concede that Jesus spoke the truth because it was the truth, and not because he needed to prop up his ego like we so often do. Nevertheless, he did not shrink from the task before him. I am quite sure that his words and actions were not perceived to be either humble or gracious by those he attacked. The meek and mild Jesus never showed up when he dealt with the Scribes and Pharisees.

  27. Diane Davis - #7155

    March 18th 2010

    Good counterpoint!  I am not suggesting that we mince words about intellectual beliefs we stongly hold in this debate, though.  I think it is extremely important that we who see science and faith as complementary work to educate others that this position is supported by Christian tradition, Scripture, and reason; but I just don’t think that “face-offs” or ridicule are very productive.

  28. WCG - #7243

    March 20th 2010

    Er, what exactly was I supposed to get from this? I realize that it’s just “Part 1,” but there doesn’t seem to be anything to it at all. Ruse doesn’t even define “Accommodationist.”

    OK, some people disagree with him vehemently enough to use impolite language.* So what? Frankly, that’s what happens when people with strong opinions (and I have strong opinions myself) comment on-line. You may reasonably decry the loss of politeness in on-line discourse, but that’s not the issue here, surely. What is Ruse’s POINT?

    I’m having a hard time seeing this post as more than just a plea for sympathy. I’m sorry, but I don’t care about that (and it doesn’t present Michael Ruse in a particularly good light, I must say). I’d like to know what HE thinks, as contrasted with what his critics think. As far as I’m concerned, he should have skipped this “Part 1” entirely.

    *PS. I’ve read some of those comments, and they weren’t JUST impolite phrases, but included clear explanations of their difficulties with Ruse’s thinking. That’s what I expected - hoped - to get here, only from Ruse’s side of the argument.

  29. Savage - #7274

    March 21st 2010

    How can you speak of religion and accomodationism in positive terms? Science and religion is incompatible because science is based on Natural Law whereas religion is based on superstition. Now to accommodate superstitious believers, (perhaps to make them feel good, or not to hurt their feelings), is to abdicate rational reason.

  30. Ophelia Benson - #7290

    March 21st 2010

    Professor Ruse,

    You say ‘And yet, I am excoriated at every turn. Why? Simply, because I am an “Accommodationist.”’

    It’s not “simply” because of that. It is, at the least, also because you do a fair amount of excoriating yourself. You make sweeping rude claims about “the New Atheists” whenever you mention them, and you mention them pretty often.

    As you say, you ‘rather like the fact that [you] stir people up so much that they want to strike out as they do.’ Quite, and you do a lot of stirring. That being the case, it’s rather invidious to claim that you are ‘excoriated’ simply because you are an accommodationist. You surely rile people on purpose, so you shouldn’t put all the opprobrium on them when they retort.

  31. Michael Fugate - #7345

    March 22nd 2010

    Here is the section from the Discovery Institute’s “Wedge” document:

    “Discovery Institute’s Center for the Renewal of Science and Culture seeks nothing less than the overthrow of materialism and its cultural legacies. Bringing together leading scholars from the natural sciences and those from the humanities and social sciences, the Center explores how new developments in biology, physics and cognitive science raise serious doubts about scientific materialism and have re-opened the case for a broadly theistic understanding of nature.”

    How is this not anti-science?

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